Pyruvic acid is an intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates proteins and fats. In thiamine deficiency its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues especially in nervous structures.

2-Amino-3-carboxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is the electron transfer mediator, can change glucose metabolism of the homofermentative lactic acid bacteria.

Resveratrol 4'-(6-galloylglucoside) is a natural poduct found in the roots of rhubarb (Rheum palmatum L.).